How do you differentiate between a stroke and a TIA?

The distinction between a stroke and a transient ischemic attack (TIA) primarily revolves around the duration and permanence of symptoms. A TIA is characterized by brief episodes of neurological dysfunction that typically resolve within 24 hours, usually lasting just a few minutes to an hour, and do not cause lasting damage to brain tissue. This transient nature is what sets TIAs apart from strokes, where neurological deficits may last longer and result in permanent effects.

Strokes can be ischemic, caused by a blockage in a blood vessel, or hemorrhagic, resulting from bleeding in the brain. Unlike a TIA, a stroke often leads to long-lasting neurological impairments, such as weakness or paralysis, depending on the area of the brain affected.

In summary, identifying that a TIA resolves without permanent effects within a day is key in differentiating it from a stroke, which can have long-term consequences.