What is a symptom of acute kidney injury?

Acute kidney injury (AKI) often manifests with a reduction in kidney function, which typically leads to a decrease in urine output—a condition known as oliguria. In many cases, when the kidneys are suddenly unable to filter waste effectively, the resulting symptoms can include fluid overload and electrolyte imbalances. Dehydration can also occur due to a lack of effective urine production, further complicating the patient's status. Therefore, the presence of dehydration alongside decreased urine output is a clear indication of the kidneys' compromised ability to function properly.

In contrast, increased urine output is generally indicative of a different condition, such as diabetes insipidus or a response to overhydration. Hyperglycemia is primarily associated with diabetes and does not directly relate to kidney function in the context of acute kidney injury. Constricted pupils might suggest other neurological or pharmacological influences but do not have a direct connection to the functions or failures of the kidneys. Understanding these definitions and their implications can help locate and diagnose AKI effectively.